Ajay Bhagat
The vitality conservation Act was enacted by Parliament on September 29, 2001 for environment friendly use of vitality and its conservation however the identical couldn’t be prolonged to Jammu and Kashmir due to particular standing. This legislation grew to become relevant to J&Okay after abrogation of Article 370 and subsequent extension of all central legal guidelines. Nonetheless there may be lot of alternative to behave upon these Acts (Power conservation and Constructing codes) for higher implementation of Power conservation in Jammu and Kashmir as I’m presenting some formulation plan for Power conservation in respect of UT Jammu and Kashmir.
Why Power conservation is Vital in J&Okay?
Power must be conserved to chop prices and to protect the sources for longer use, furthermore, the explanations individuals preserve vitality are to achieve extra management over their vitality invoice and scale back the demand on the earth’s pure sources. As in the remainder of India Power conservation Act was applied for greater than a decade however in Jammu Kashmir the identical couldn’t be applied as a consequence of particular standing or we are saying Article 370. So it was extra vital to implement the Act in J&Okay as quickly as attainable in order that vitality conservation / administration profit all varieties of shoppers in J&Okay.
Earlier than going for the formation plan for vitality conservation in J&Okay we should undergo the Electrical energy sector in J&Okay with an summary that electrical provide system has three predominant parts:-
* Energy era station
* Transmission traces
* Distribution traces
From the above three parts during which the utility suffers most of vitality loss is distribution system which wants the vitality conservation and administration in correct manner.
Key points and challenges earlier than the distribution sector
There are various challenges and points which have emerged within the operation and administration of the utilities. A few of these are: – scarcity of energy, poor administration, excessive technical and industrial losses (together with theft and pilferage of electrical energy), and non remunerative tariff construction based mostly of irrational subsidies, decrease shopper satisfaction, and poor high quality energy.
Many of the energy utilities, notably the state Electrical energy Boards are in a monetary mess right now. The explanations for the poor well being are as:-
* excessive Transmission and distribution loss (T&D).
* lack of economic strategy.
* free or extremely backed agriculture provide.
* low frequency of tariff revision.
* poor metering.
* backed home consumption in many of the circumstances.
* low income realization charge.
* rampant theft in collusion with unscrupulous components.
What could be carried out?
Fairly bit could be carried out by a distribution utility to satisfy these challenges and clear up the issues at its personal stage.
* Income realization and discount in AT&C losses
* Infusion of expertise
* Bettering metering effectivity,
* Correct vitality accounting and auditing,
* Improved billing and assortment effectivity, and
* Skilled managerial practices
* Bettering buyer satisfaction.
* Adopting higher administration practices: – operational effectivity enchancment and buyer servicing additionally have to be addressed at varied ranges within the group. Profitable administration providers revolve round
* Tariff administration;
* Meter administration;
* credit score and assortment administration;
* monitoring quantitative and qualitative advantages.
4. Software of knowledge expertise: – Now-a-days, data expertise and pc aided instruments for income realization, discount in energy cuts, monitoring and management, and many others. play important position in distribution administration. Improvement of digital mapping of the whole belongings of distribution system, computerized load flows research, GIS (geographic data system) mapping, SCADA are the another IT utility for long run strengthening of the distribution system.
Income loss as a consequence of lack of alternative to serve
The income loss as a consequence of “lack of alternative to serve” may be very related however much less seen facet of income loss. Guarding towards technical and non technical loss is one facet, however there may be equal want to protect towards lack of income as a consequence of misplaced alternative. Causes for lack of alternative to serve: –
System outage ( any half or whole system) resulting in lack of income
* as a consequence of breakdown
* as a consequence of preventive upkeep
* as a consequence of load shedding.
* Overloading and unbalancing.
* Excessive voltage drops in traces resulting in low voltage at shopper premises and lesser consumption.
Voltages sag at shopper premises, resulting in decrease consumption.
Power conservation: – Points and issues
Because the inhabitants in our nation grows and the tempo of urbanization will increase, vitality use is sure to extend. Furthermore as ones wealth grows, vitality use per capita will even enhance. Power conservation is apply for
* Guaranteeing judicial utilization of vitality and
* Lowering the amount of vitality consumed whereas attaining the same consequence of finish use.
The motivations for vitality conservation may very well be totally different for particular person, industrial and industrial customers. Direct shoppers of vitality equivalent to people or group could wish to preserve vitality to cut back vitality prices and shield the atmosphere. Enhance in effectivity and maximizing earnings may very well be the motivation for industrial and industrial customers to save lots of vitality. Power conservation could be a results of a number of processes or growth, equivalent to enhance in productiveness technological progress leading to extra vitality environment friendly applied sciences and most significantly a optimistic angle in direction of environment friendly vitality utilization. Power conservation is cheaper and extra environmentally benign in comparison with elevated vitality manufacturing. We have to encourage it amongst all classes of shoppers.
Power Accounting
Power accounting is a system to document, analyze and report vitality consumption and price on common foundation.
In energy sector, vitality accounting entails preparation of “steadiness sheet” of vitality i.e preparation of accounts of
* the vitality move to numerous segments
* vitality consumption by varied classes of shoppers,
* vitality losses together with each technical and industrial losses at varied phases, and
* vitality required for assembly the technical necessities of the system out of the overall quantum of vitality out there over specified time interval.
This helps in an correct accounting of vitality generated, vitality consumed, vitality misplaced, income realization and income loss at every stage of energy era, transmission and distribution.
Want of vitality Accounting
Stopping the loss would successfully function capability addition, thereby lowering the demand provide hole and enhancing provide. Even 1% discount in AT&C losses would offer substantial monetary advantages to the utilities.
Technical losses could be scale back by system enchancment e.g by lowering overloading of traces and transformer, enchancment of voltage profile and many others.
Power Auditing
An vitality audit is an indepth research of a facility to
* decide how and the place vitality is getting used or transformed from one kind to a different, and
* determine alternatives to cut back vitality utilization and stop vitality losses.
It’s the approach to ascertain the present standing of vitality effectivity of a system.
Lets we take a case research to find out technical losses on 11kv feeder. Technical losses on the 11kv feeder are assessed by conducting load move evaluation of the person 11kv feeder together with distribution transformer and LT distribution losses.
The entire technical loss on the 11kv feeder is the same as sum of
* 11kv line losses
* Distribution transformer ( no load and cargo) losses
* LT community losses and
* Power losses in unfastened soar connections, service mains and vitality meters.
Power loss within the feeder = vitality enter to 11kv feeder – vitality gross sales.
Power conservation, accounting and auditing will help us lowering the 8-10% vitality losses by implementing it in letter and spirit.
For instance in monetary yr 2022-2023 energy consumption in Jammu and Kashmir was 8416.17 MU for Jammu area and 11165.2 MU for Kashmir area that’s whole 19581.37 MU or 2013 crores models. If we implement Power Conservation Act 2001, 2003 and 2010 to Jammu Kashmir from producing unit to finish person we are able to save 600MU-800MU of energy which will help in a bigger manner and reduce the carbon footprint which additionally helps in defending the atmosphere. So implementation of vitality conservation Act is want of hour in Jammu and Kashmir by which all varieties of shopper could be benefitted i.e industrial, industries, energy producing models, govt. and personal buildings by conducting necessary vitality auditing and accounting.
(The writer is Assistant Engineer in JKPDD)
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